Virtualization – Help Desk Geek https://helpdeskgeek.com Tech Tips from Trusted Tech Experts Thu, 31 Aug 2023 01:26:41 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.3.2 How to Install Kali Linux in VirtualBox on Your Windows PC https://helpdeskgeek.com/virtualization/how-to-install-kali-linux-in-virtualbox-on-your-windows-pc/ https://helpdeskgeek.com/virtualization/how-to-install-kali-linux-in-virtualbox-on-your-windows-pc/#disqus_thread Ben Stockton]]> Thu, 31 Aug 2023 10:00:00 +0000 https://helpdeskgeek.com/?p=73390

Kali Linux is a popular Linux distribution designed for penetration testing and ethical hacking by security professionals. Installing Kali Linux on a VirtualBox virtual machine allows you to run it […]]]>
Kali Linux is a popular Linux distribution designed for penetration testing and ethical hacking by security professionals. Installing Kali Linux on a VirtualBox virtual machine allows you to run it on your Windows PC, providing an isolated environment for testing and learning without compromising your existing Windows installation.

Setting up Kali Linux in a virtual machine involves downloading the ISO image, creating a new virtual machine in VirtualBox, and configuring the system settings. This method allows you to interact with other virtual machines as well as the host machine, without affecting your existing Windows operating system.

To install Kali Linux on Windows 11 using VirtualBox, follow the steps below.

Enabling Virtualization on Your Windows PC

Before installing Kali Linux in VirtualBox, ensure that virtualization is enabled on your Windows PC in your BIOS/UEFI settings. This feature allows the operating system to run other operating systems as virtual machines, improving performance and compatibility.

To enable virtualization in your BIOS/UEFI settings, follow these steps.

  1. With your Windows 11 PC booted up, right-click the Start menu and select Settings.
  1. In Settings, press System > Recovery.
  1. Scroll to the Recovery options section and, next to the Advanced startup option, press Restart now.
  1. When prompted, confirm you want to restart by pressing the Restart now button.
  1. After your PC restarts into the recovery mode menu, select Troubleshoot > Advanced Options.
  1. In Advanced Options, press the UEFI Firmware Settings button.
  1. Press Restart to boot into your UEFI menu.
  1. If this doesn’t work, restart your PC manually and press the appropriate key (such as Delete or F1) to boot into your BIOS/UEFI menu manually. Check your device’s manual for the correct key to press here.
  2. Once you’re in your BIOS/UEFI settings, navigate to the Advanced or Processor section. Look for settings related to virtualization, such as AMD-V, Intel Virtualization Technology, Intel VT-D Tech, or similar.
  3. Make sure to enable the setting (or settings) for virtualization and save the change.
  1. Once saved, exit the BIOS or UEFI settings and restart your computer for the changes to take effect.

After enabling virtualization, you can begin installing VirtualBox (and Kali Linux).

How to Download and Install VirtualBox

There are several options for running Linux virtual machines on a Windows PC. One of the best options is VirtualBox, a free and open-source tool for virtualization. As an alternative you could use VMware, another well-known virtualization tool, although this requires a paid-for license.

First, you’ll need to open the VirtualBox official website in your web browser. Choose the appropriate version to install—VirtualBox for Windows hosts in this case. The download should begin automatically.

Once the download is complete, locate the installer file on your computer and double-click on it to begin the installation process. Follow the on-screen instructions during the installation, making sure to allow necessary permissions and installing any additional components.

For instance, VirtualBox will typically install a virtualized network component to allow your virtual machine to access your local network without impacting your Windows network configuration.

Once VirtualBox is installed, you’re ready to set up a new Kali Linux virtual machine.

How to Create and Configure a New Virtual Machine in VirtualBox

Once VirtualBox is installed, you’re ready to begin setting up your new Kali Linux virtual machine. Before you proceed, however, you’ll need to download the Kali Linux image file.

To do this, download the latest Kali Linux image file from the Kali Linux website. Once you’ve done that, you can set up your virtual machine by following these steps.

  1. Open VirtualBox and press the New button.
  1. In the Name and operating system menu, type a new name for your Kali Linux installation (eg. Kali Linux).
  2. Select Linux as the type and Linux 2.6 / 3.x / 4.x / 5.x (64-bit) as the version before pressing Next.
  1. In the Memory menu, select an appropriate amount of system memory to dedicate to your virtual machine. At a minimum, this should be around 2048MB (2GB) but, if you have more resources available to you, you can select more—just leave enough for Windows to run underneath without issue.
  2. Increase the processor count to a minimum of 2 (if your hardware allows for it).
  3. Press Next to proceed.
  1. In the Hard disk menu, choose the Create a virtual hard disk now option, select an appropriate size, and press Next to continue.
  1. Confirm the settings are correct before pressing Finish to create the virtual machine.
  1. Your virtual machine should be created at this point—select it and press Settings.
  1. In the Motherboard tab in the System menu, set the boot order to Optical first over Hard Disk.
  1. Next, select Display and set your Video Memory option to a suitable level (128MB is recommended) and press the Enable 3D Acceleration checkbox.
  2. Press OK to save your virtual machine settings.
  1. Press Start to launch your Kali Linux virtual machine for the first time.

How to Install and Set Up Kali Linux in VirtualBox

At this point, you’ve successfully created and configured your new virtual machine in VirtualBox. You’ll now need to complete the installation process using these steps.

  1. When you start your Kali Linux machine, you’ll be prompted by VirtualBox to select an installation disk. You’ll need to select the ISO file you downloaded from the Kali Linux website here—press the arrow button > Other to do this.
  1. Press Mount and Retry Boot to continue after this point.
  1. After a few moments, you should be prompted to choose an installation method—most users should choose Graphical install and press the Enter key.
  1. Once the installation begins, you’ll be prompted to choose your language, location, and keyboard settings—select these options and press Continue at each menu.
  1. The installation will proceed—wait for it to continue. You may be prompted to confirm or configure your network settings (such as connecting to a Wi-Fi network) next. Follow the on-screen instructions to complete this process.
  2. Next, type a hostname (the name for your computer on your local network) in the text box before pressing Continue.
  1. When prompted, choose a username and password for your Kali Linux installation and press Continue at each menu.
  1. Confirm your clock settings and press Continue.
  1. At the Partition Disks menu, most users will need to select Guided – Use entire disk before pressing Continue through each menu. You can choose to separate your home, var, and tmp partitions but, for a virtual machine installation, it’s probably best to leave it all on a single disk as it’s all in a single file.
  1. During the installation, you’ll be prompted to choose what software to install. Make the changes, as preferred, then press Continue.
  1. Follow the on-screen instructions to confirm any other settings before pressing Continue at the Finish the installation menu.
  1. Your virtual machine will restart once the installation is complete. Make sure to exit the installation menu (if it boots into it) and confirm you can sign in afterwards, then shut down your virtual machine.
  2. At this point, you’ll need to return to your virtual machine settings to set the boot order to prioritise the hard drive over the virtual optical drive containing your installation ISO file—select the virtual machine and press Settings.
  1. In the Motherboard tab in the System menu, make sure to move the Hard Disk option to above the Optical option in the Boot Order options.
  2. Press OK to save.

Kali Linux is now ready to use in VirtualBox. You can boot it up and begin using it immediately using the username and password you used to sign in.

Security Testing on Linux With VirtualBox

By using the steps above to install Kali Linux in VirtualBox on your Windows PC, you can take advantage of the full power that it has to test and secure any network. If you decide you want to uninstall VirtualBox at any point, you can do so from the Windows Settings menu.

Want to try a different method for testing new software? You can use Windows Sandbox to create a use-once Windows environment to test files or applications without putting your main windows installation at risk.

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How to Completely Uninstall VirtualBox in Windows https://helpdeskgeek.com/virtualization/how-to-completely-uninstall-virtualbox-in-windows/ https://helpdeskgeek.com/virtualization/how-to-completely-uninstall-virtualbox-in-windows/#disqus_thread Dilum Senevirathne]]> Fri, 18 Nov 2022 11:00:00 +0000 https://helpdeskgeek.com/?p=66174

Do you want to completely remove VirtualBox from your Microsoft Windows PC? That’s most likely because Windows Update keeps telling you to delete it due to a compatibility issue. There […]]]>
Do you want to completely remove VirtualBox from your Microsoft Windows PC? That’s most likely because Windows Update keeps telling you to delete it due to a compatibility issue.

There are several ways to uninstall VirtualBox in Windows 10 and 11, and this post will walk you through them. Skip to the section that discusses removing VirtualBox using a software removal utility if you want to remove all associated registry entries.

Method 1: Uninstall VirtualBox via Apps and Features Pane

The most straightforward way to uninstall Oracle VM VirtualBox is to use the Apps & Features console in Windows Settings.

  1. Right-click the Start button and select Apps and Features.
  1. Scroll down and select Oracle VM VirtualBox [Version Number].
  2. Select Uninstall.

Method 2: Uninstall VirtualBox via Control Panel

Alternatively, use the older Programs and Features pane in the Windows Control Panel to remove VirtualBox.

  1. Open the Start menu, type Control Panel, and press Enter.
  1. Select Uninstall a Program.
  1. Select Oracle VM VirtualBox and choose Uninstall.

Method 3: Uninstall VirtualBox Using Its Windows Installer

If VirtualBox doesn’t appear within the Settings app or the Control Panel, use the Virtualbox installer to remove the program.

  1. Download VirtualBox from VirtualBox.org.
  1. Run the executable (EXE) setup file and update VirtualBox.
  1. Run the same setup file again, but this time, select Remove.

Method 4: Uninstall VirtualBox via Windows PowerShell

Another way to remove VirtualBox is through the Windows PowerShell console.

  1. Right-click the Start button, choose Windows PowerShell/Terminal (Admin).
  2. Select Yes on the User Account Control pop-up.
  1. Type Get-Package and press Enter.
  1. Note down the VirtualBox version number.
  1. Type Uninstall-Package -Name “Oracle VM VirtualBox [Version Number],” replacing [Version Number} with the number from the previous step.
  1. Press Enter.

Method 5: Uninstall VirtualBox Using a Software Removal Tool

Use a dedicated software removal utility to remove VirtualBox and all its registry entries. For example, here’s the free version of Revo Uninstaller in action.

  1. Download, install, and open Revo Uninstaller.
  2. Right-click Oracle VM VirtualBox and select Uninstall.
  1. Enable the Make a System Restore Point before uninstall box and select Continue.
  1. Select Remove on the VirtualBox uninstaller.
  1. Pick a scanning mode—Safe, Moderate, or Advanced. Select Safe if you don’t want to risk breaking the operating system.
  1. Choose Select All > Delete.
  1. Select Finish.
  2. Shut down and reboot your computer.

If you encounter problems with Windows afterward, use System Restore to roll back your changes.

Remove Leftover VirtualBox Folders

Despite using whatever methods above, you’ll still have a couple of leftover folders to delete from your computer’s hard drive or SSD. You can find them under Local Disk C > Users > [Your Username].

  • .VirtualBox: Contains miscellaneous VirtualBox items.
  • VirtualBox VMs: Contains virtual machine images for Windows, Linux, and other OSs. Keep them if you plan to reinstall VirtualBox.

Out of the Box

Suppose you continue to run into Windows Update incompatibility notifications despite removing VirtualBox. In that case, you may have Android emulators that use similar open-source virtualization technology on your computer—e.g., BlueStacks, LDPlayer, etc. Try removing them as well.

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How to Fix “VT-X Is Not Available (verr_vmx-No-Vmx)” Error in VirtualBox https://helpdeskgeek.com/virtualization/how-to-fix-vt-x-is-not-available-verr_vmx-no-vmx-error-in-virtualbox/ https://helpdeskgeek.com/virtualization/how-to-fix-vt-x-is-not-available-verr_vmx-no-vmx-error-in-virtualbox/#disqus_thread Levin Roy]]> Sun, 02 Oct 2022 10:00:00 +0000 https://helpdeskgeek.com/?p=64578

VT-x or Intel Virtualization Technology allows processors to run virtual machines. It’s no surprise, then, that a “VT-x is not available (VERR_VMX_NO_VMX)” error prevents VirtualBox from functioning correctly. This error […]]]>
VT-x or Intel Virtualization Technology allows processors to run virtual machines. It’s no surprise, then, that a “VT-x is not available (VERR_VMX_NO_VMX)” error prevents VirtualBox from functioning correctly.

This error indicates that your processor doesn’t have virtualization enabled. This could be due to many reasons, from a security precaution to a conflict with another technology. Thankfully, there are many easy fixes for this issue. Here are all the ways to resolve this common VirtualBox error.

Fix 1: Enable VT-X From BIOS

The simplest explanation for getting a “VT-x is not available” error is that the feature is just not enabled on your computer.

This is likely if it’s your first time running VirtualBox on the machine. To fix it, you only need to access the BIOS settings and enable the VT-x and VT-d options. It’s usually named the Intel Virtualization Technology or the SVM mode in AMD computers.

You may have to poke around in the various BIOS menus, though, as the placement of the option varies between different Motherboards. On some, you will find it under Security; on others, under Advanced.

Fix 2: Disable Hyper-V

Microsoft Windows has its own version of virtualization, and it doesn’t play nice with third-party tools like VirtualBox. You must disable it to remove the conflict and get VirtualBox working correctly.

The feature is called Hyper-V, and it’s not present in all versions of Windows. Only 64-bit versions of Windows 10 Pro, Enterprise, or Education possess Hyper-V. If you’re using Windows 10 or Windows 11 Home edition, you can safely skip this step.

  1. There are multiple ways of disabling the Hyper-V Windows feature, but the most reliable is to use the Command Prompt. Search for “cmd” in the Start Menu and select the Run as administrator option.
  1. Now enter the following command: bcdedit /set hypervisorlaunchtype off

This will edit the Boot Configuration Data, removing the Hyper-V service from the list.

  1. To be extra safe, follow up with this command as well: dism.exe /Online /Disable-Feature:Microsoft-Hyper-V

This prevents DISM (Deployment Image Servicing and Management) from automatically adding the service back when it updates the Windows image.

  1. Restart your computer.

Fix 3: Disable Memory Integrity

Windows Security includes a virtualization-based protection feature that can detect low-level code injection and protect your PC from even the most dangerous malware. But just like Hyper-V, this creates a conflict with VirtualBox.

Most users don’t need the advanced security provided by Core isolation. Modern laptops have it disabled by default, as it conflicts with built-in software used to optimize hardware performance.

  1. To disable Memory integrity on your computer, open Windows Security. You can search for it in the Start Menu.
  1. Switch to the Device Security tab.
  1. You can view whether Memory integrity is running by checking the Core isolation header. Selecting Core isolation details brings you to the option itself.
  2. Turn off Memory integrity by flipping the toggle to the Off position.
  1. Restart the computer.

Fix 4: Check Your Antivirus Settings

If you’re using a third-party antivirus tool, the application may block some virtualization features on your PC. Avast, for example, automatically disables VT-x on some computers.

You have to look at the settings of your antivirus app for anything related to hardware virtualization and make sure to allow it. In Avast, you need to check General > Troubleshooting > Enable hardware-assisted virtualization.

What is the Best Way to Fix the “VT-x is not available (VERR_VMX_NO_VMX)” Error in Windows?

Having Hyper-V virtualization running and interfering with VirtualBox is the most common reason for getting a VT-x error on Windows 10. You can fix that easily by disabling the feature through the command prompt.

The error also appears on many PCs because virtualization is disabled on their BIOS. That one is just as easily solved – open the BIOS settings and enable the Intel Virtualization or SVM mode.

Finally, your system could get the VT-x error due to overzealous security features. Disable Memory integrity from Windows Security, and look at the settings of your third-party antivirus to find and resolve any conflicts. VirtualBox should run without any trouble now.

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What Is a Virtual Machine and What Can It Be Used For? https://helpdeskgeek.com/virtualization/what-is-a-virtual-machine-and-what-can-it-be-used-for/ https://helpdeskgeek.com/virtualization/what-is-a-virtual-machine-and-what-can-it-be-used-for/#disqus_thread Nicolae Bochis]]> Wed, 14 Sep 2022 10:00:00 +0000 https://helpdeskgeek.com/?p=63965

A virtual machine can let you experiment and play around with an operating system inside a safe environment. It’s like a sandboxed computer that you can use to try apps […]]]>
A virtual machine can let you experiment and play around with an operating system inside a safe environment. It’s like a sandboxed computer that you can use to try apps that don’t work on your actual system. Also, since it’s virtual, if you mess something up you won’t have to reinstall your operating system. Everything you do is isolated from your real system.

Virtual machines are useful tools, so in this article, we’ll take a look at what makes them tick and what you need to set one up.

Virtual Machines Explained

A Virtual Machine, or VM for short, is like a separate computer system inside your system but it doesn’t exist in physical form. A virtual machine exists in a virtual environment and it uses its own virtual devices, resources, and storage.

The best way to understand what a virtual machine is is to imagine it as a file on your computer, that acts as a separate actual computer. Even though the VM is a virtual environment, it has its own storage where you can save different files, and it can connect to the internet.

The software that runs the Virtual Machine is called a hypervisor. Its purpose is to separate and isolate the Virtual Machine from your default operating system. That means anything you do in the VM won’t influence your main OS and your device. But the hypervisor also manages the VM by allocating physical resources such as CPU, memory, and storage to the virtual machine. But it is the physical hardware of your device that will execute all processes of a virtual machine.

The main benefit of Virtual Machines is that you can run multiple operating systems like Linux, Windows, and macOS on one device. Your device is a host computer, and all Virtual Machines on it are guests. The operating system you choose for your VM is known as a guest OS.

The virtual OS on a virtual machine runs in the same way as the primary, also known as the host OS runs on your physical device. That means that your experience with a VM is nearly identical to the experience of your primary real-time OS run by your computer.

How Does a Virtual Machine Work?

Virtualization technology makes it possible to have several operating systems on one machine. To create a virtual machine, the hypervisor will borrow CPU, memory, and storage from the physical computer that will host the guest VMs. The allocation of these resources is always done with the VM’s needs in mind.

When you’re running a Virtual Machine and it demands more resources than the hypervisor allocated to it, the hypervisor will schedule the request to the physical device to reallocate more resources. This is because the hypervisor treats the CPU, memory, and storage as a shared pool of resources from which it can take what is needed to run the virtual machine.

There are two types of hypervisors.

Type 1

A bare-metal hypervisor, or simply called Type 1, runs directly on your physical device and has immediate access to all resources. Because of this, Type 1 hypervisors are considered to be more efficient than Type 2, and convenient for creating a virtual server, desktop, and apps.

Type 2

A hosted hypervisor or Type 2, is installed on a host machine that already has a primary OS. The primary OS manages the calls to resource allocation. Because of this, Type 2 hypervisors are used to create specific environments with a single purpose. For example, an app developer will create an environment perfect for building and testing various applications.

Although virtual machines and hypervisors don’t demand dedicated hardware, your computer needs to be able to run them. It needs to have enough hardware resources to be able to run a hypervisor, build a virtual environment, and work in it, all while running the primary OS as well. No matter how small demands a virtual machine might have, you will need a strong computer.

What are Virtual Machines Used For?

Virtual machines have a wide array of uses for professionals and non-professionals. You may find virtual machines especially fun to play with if you are tech-savvy and geeky. Lots of these uses consist of potentially breaking the machine. VS makes sure your device and the primary OS won’t be influenced at all. Here are some of the most popular uses for the VS.

1. Try Out New Operating Systems

With a virtual machine, you can try out operating systems that you have never used before, test them, understand them and decide if you like them enough to make them your primary OS. If you are a long-term Windows user, you can try out Linux, or some other lesser-known OS, without having to first remove Windows from your computer.

Moreover, you can try new and unstable versions of your default OS without having to worry that you might lose important files. Because VM is a safe and virtual environment, you can even test the new OS to the point where you break them, and it will not have any effect on your physical machine.

2. Run Old Software

Some old software requires outdated systems that are no longer in use. It is likely you don’t have a spare old machine, but you still want to try out an old app that is compatible only with, for example, Windows XP.

Virtualization allows you to install Windows XP on a virtual machine, and use it to try out that particular old software. This is particularly useful for gamers as some old, but still relevant, games are not compatible with modern devices and operating systems.

3. Run Software Developed for Different OS

Let’s say you are a Linux user, but you really need to run an app or a game developed for Windows. Virtualization will allow you to have a Windows OS in a virtual environment, and enjoy all the apps developed for it. Note that some apps exist for both across different operating systems, but most don’t. True, they might have their counterparts developed on a different system, but they will never be exactly the same.

4. Test Software for Different Platforms

If you are an app developer Virtualization will allow you to test your software builds for different devices. Let’s say you are developing a game that will work on both PC and phones. With a virtual machine, you won’t need to move the installer files back and forth from device to device. You can emulate a phone as well as other devices and test all at once on your computer.

5. Deal with Potential Malware Safely

As mentioned before, the virtual machine is isolated from the rest of your computer. This makes it extremely safe for testing potential malware and you can take risks you would typically avoid. This is very helpful when you want to try out software that comes from an unreliable source. If it is infected, it will show as such in the virtual OS, but it will not harm your primary OS. You can also use VS to test how far you can push your antivirus program without risking infecting your computer.

Note that you still need to be very careful. Modern-day malware can recognize virtual environments and can try to break out. The risk is low, but not completely nonexistent.

6. Compile Multiple Servers on One PC

Lots of businesses run multiple servers. If you are involved in such a business, Virtualization makes it possible to compile different services on one device. You can create multiple virtual machines and store servers in them, without having to invest in multiple hardware systems. Running different servers on one operating system is an unnecessary security risk.

What Are the Benefits of Using VMs?

Now that you know many different uses for virtual machines, you can probably fathom how beneficial they are. But let’s take a look at some advantages that VMs can bring to your professional life and make your leisure time more enjoyable.

1. They Are Cost-effective

Since virtualization doesn’t demand multiple hardware, you won’t need to invest money in different devices. Everything you need to do, you can now do on one machine. Even if you are running multiple servers, the maintenance costs will be cut down as they are all stored on the same physical server.

2. They Are Easily Moved

Because virtual machines are stored as files on your device, you can copy them and take them with you on a USB device. You can later install them on different hardware or reassign them to a different host server.

3. They Provide Security

Because VMs are isolated virtual environments, everything you do in them will not influence your primary system. This makes them extremely safe to use. Virtual machines are very popular among those who are concerned about their security too. You can use a VM to access unreliable websites or download suspicious software.

4. They Are Perfect for Testing and Experimenting

Let’s say you used a VM to test an app to a breaking point. Your VM OS might be damaged during the test. Don’t worry, you can use such features as a snapshot or backup to return to the previous version of the OS before it was broken. This is also useful for getting rid of compromised or corrupted virtual OS.

Virtual Machine in Cloud Computing

Did you know virtual machines can be cloud-based? They were designed to replace the physical machines and still let you do anything VM would do if installed on your personal computer. There are two types of virtual machines in cloud computing: ProcessVM and System VM.

A Process VM is designed to run a single process on a host machine, in the form of an application. For example, Java Virtual Machine will allow any system to run all Java applications. It is a typical example of a Process Virtual Machine. A System VM is designed to completely replace a physical machine with a virtual one.

The advantage of cloud-based virtual machines is that your physical computer will have no access to it, and won’t try to temper with the VM. This means that the cloud computing environment is perfect for virtual machines and all the work you would do in it, be it testing malicious software, or a new unstable operating system.

The Best Virtual Machine Software

To set up a VM environment on your computer, you need special virtual machine software. Below you’ll find the most popular options.

1. VMWare Workstation Player

VMWare is a comprehensive package of virtualization products. It offers Fusion for Apple Mac and WorkstationPlayer for PC. They were tailored for different host operating systems but essentially offer the same solutions. Being one of the rare virtualizing software that supports DirectX 10, it is a solid choice for those interested in GPU virtualization. VMware is free for personal use, but business users will need to invest in Pro and Fusion Pro versions.

2. Oracle VM VirtualBox

VirtualBox supports a wide range of host and guest operating systems which makes it an excellent choice for those who want to experiment. You can create VMs with Windows XP, Windows NT, Linux 2.4, OpenSolaris, Server 2003, and even IBM OS/2. Apple users can run Mac VM sessions. But most importantly, VirtualBox is open-source and completely free of charge, even the Enterprise version developed for businesses.

3. Microsoft Hyper-V

Developed by Microsoft back in 2008, Hyper-V is now available for free for all Windows 10 and 11 Pro, Enterprise, and Education users. But this free version is extremely limited and doesn’t really pay off in the long run. It lacks GPU support, but you can use it to create Windows XP or later virtual environments, as well as Linux with at least 3.4 Kernel, and FreeBSD. Microsoft Hyper-V won’t perform miracles, but it is a good starting choice for beginners who want to experiment with virtualization.

Whether you’re a casual PC user or a professional, virtual machines will open a whole new world of possibilities. Use them to test a new OS you’re wondering about. Try out Linux apps that don’t work on your Windows system. Do everything you want without putting your computer at risk.

Let us know in the comments below why and how you’re using virtual machines!

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Share Folders between Host and Guest OS in VirtualBox https://helpdeskgeek.com/virtualization/virtualbox-share-folder-host-guest/ https://helpdeskgeek.com/virtualization/virtualbox-share-folder-host-guest/#disqus_thread Sydney Butler]]> Mon, 06 Apr 2020 22:00:19 +0000 https://helpdeskgeek.com/?p=5079

VirtualBox is one of the best (and free!) virtual machine applications out there, but it’s even more useful if your virtual computer can integrate more tightly with the host computer. […]]]>
VirtualBox is one of the best (and free!) virtual machine applications out there, but it’s even more useful if your virtual computer can integrate more tightly with the host computer.

While you can network the host and guest computer together pretty easily, most people probably just want a simple way to share folders between the host and guest OS in VirtualBox. The good news is that this is quite easy to do!

Clearing Up The Terminology

It’s important that we quickly clear up a few key terms that will be used in this article:

  • A virtual machine is a simulated computer that runs on another computer.
  • The “host” computer is the physical computer in front of you.
  • The “guest” computer is a virtual machine that runs thanks to VirtualBox.
  • “Bare metal” means to run directly on the physical computer.

If you’ve ever seen the movie The Matrix then you can think of the virtual machine as a computer living in a simulated world. It thinks it’s a real computer, but it’s actually just software.

Operating System Compatibility

In order to use the shared folder function built into VirtualBox, you need to install something called “Guest Additions” on the guest computer. At the time of writing there are additions for:

  • Windows
  • Linux
  • Solaris

For most people the guest machine will probably run Windows or Linux. If you’re running something more exotic (or trying to run macOS) then this method won’t work.

Installing Guest Additions

Before you can make shared folders work, you need to install guest additions on the virtual machine in question. This works by putting a virtual CD into the virtual machines imaginary CD drive. We’re using Ubuntu Linux here, but VirtualBox will automatically detect which additions are right for the Guest operating system.

All you have to do is run your virtual machine and then click Devices and then Insert Guest Additions CD Image…

In our case the “CD” auto-played and the additions installed without issue. We restarted our virtual machine just in case, but it isn’t strictly needed. With guest additions installed, you’re ready to add a shared folder to your virtual machine.

Creating a Shared Folder On The Host Machine

VirtualBox presents a shared folder on the host computer as a shared network drive or as a special extension of the file system to the guest computer’s operating system. So you’ll want to designate that folder on the bare metal computer for it to use. 

You can assign different shared folders to each virtual machine guest. It can be a folder that already exists or it can be one you’ve created especially for this purpose. In either case, once you’ve decided which folder you want to share with the virtual machine, we have to select and mount it.

We’ve created a folder with a test text file inside for demonstration purposes.

Enable File Sharing On The Guest Machine

You can add the shared folder to your virtual machine with it running or stopped. We’re going to mount the shared folder with our Ubuntu machine running.

  • Click on the Devices menu and then Shared Folders>Shared Folder Settings.
  • In this settings menu, click the blue icon to add a new shared folder. 
  • Select the folder path dropdown and choose other. Choose the folder you want to share and click Select Folder.
  • Select auto-mount and then click OK. Then click OK again.

The shared folder appeared on our Ubuntu desktop, but you may have to look for it in your operating system’s network drive list or in the file system explorer. In Ubuntu we had to enter the administrator password when opening the folder.

To remove the shared folder, simply go back to the same window you added it in the first place and remove it from the list. While the folder is shared, you can basically use it as any other mounted disk or drive.

Alternative Ways To Share Folders Between Host & Guest

Using the official method of sharing files between host and guest isn’t the only way you can move files between your bare metal computer and the virtual machine.

One easy way to transfer files is by using a USB flash drive. VirtualBox lets you give control of a USB device to the virtual machine. Simply copy all of the files you want to transfer to a flash drive and then switch control to the virtual machine using the VirtualBox menu.

Since your virtual machine also has internet access, you can install a cloud storage package such as Dropbox on both systems, assuming there’s a version available for the guest operating system. Although this does mean that files will sync over your internet connection, which could be slow and eat your data cap, if you have one.

If all you want to do is copy something that will fit in the clipboard (such as a password) then you’re better off enabling the shared clipboard in VirtualBox, which is also a part of guest additions.

Virtually Flawless File Sharing?

Virtual machines are an incredible feat of technology, but it’s still the computer equivalent of duct-tape and cardboard as far as elegance goes. Ultimately any solution to share files between a host and guest system will be some degree of kludge.

That being said, we didn’t have any trouble getting it to work between our Windows host and Ubuntu guest. Plenty of users are going to run into some rough spots thanks to how much variation there can be between host and guest operating system types, but luckily the VirtualBox community has seen it all. 

So if you do run into an issue you can’t resolve, we recommend first giving the forums a search and then posting a question if the answer isn’t already there. However, most people who follow the instructions above are going to be just fine.

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